ISIS established its Somali branch in 2015 under Abdulqadir Mumin, who is believed to have risen to global leadership of the Islamic State in 2025, according to U.S. and Somali officials.. The faction is entrenched in the Bari region’s Al-Miskaad mountains of Puntland, where it has exploited smuggling routes and maritime access to finance its operations.
U.S. officials have previously identified Somalia’s so-called al-Karrar office as a key ISIS financial node, with monthly cryptocurrency transfers used to fund affiliates across Africa and beyond.
Puntland has mounted a sustained campaignagainst ISIS in its northern mountains. In late December 2024, Puntland authorities announcedOperation Hilaac to dismantle militant bases.
Regional governments have also acted against the group. In July 2025, Ethiopian authorities arrested82 ISIS suspects said to have received training in Puntland, underscoring the group’s cross-border networks.
“Individuals who provide useful intelligence may be eligible for a financial reward and relocation,” the State Department said.
